Example of scientific report is an inalienable part of the scientific process as it combines the particular features of research conducted within the framework of the natural or clinical sciences with the specific characteristics of scientific analysis. In such context, example of scientific report provides the analytical and academic proficiency, including gathering, augmentation, and systematization of abstract cognition. Accordingly, writing example of scientific report establishes the capacity to apply relevant theoretical knowledge in compliance with the particular field of study, as well as the related methods and theories. The following is the traditional example of the scientific report.
Introduction
Genetic engineering is the process connected with the direct manipulation of DNA with the objective to alter the specific characteristics of phenotype in a certain way. The process can take place in the particular forms, starting with the alteration of one base pair, and ending with the extraction of the whole range of DNA. Thus, in general, genetic engineering is applied by scientists in order to amplify or modify the features of the living organisms.
Background
Essentially, the application of genetic engineering is mainly prevalent within the specific group of crops. In compliance with the biotech-lobbying institution ISAAA, in 2014 genetically modified crops reached even 181.5 million hectares that caused the growth of 3.6% in comparison to 2013. Under such circumstances, the United States is the leading manufacturer of the crops produced with the application of genetic engineering with 73.1 million hectares.
Theory and Methods
The study was designed to investigate the peculiarities connected with the application of genetic engineering to the production of crops. Therefore, the analytical and quantitative methods of research were applied. As a consequence, it was established that the most common method of genetic engineering used for the production of crops is a method of producing a recombinant plasmid that holds an alien gene. Basically, the circular plasmid is the two-chained molecule of the DNA consisting of several thousand pairs of nucleotides. Thus, the application of genetic engineering increases the chances of growing crops with fewer expenses.
Results
The reorganization of genotypes during the fulfillment of genetic engineering is tightly connected with a qualitative change of genes that is not related to the visible changes in the structure of chromosomes. The results suggest that changes in genes are primarily associated with the transformation of the chemical structure of DNA. Consequently, the information about the structure of genes recorded as a sequence of nucleotides is realized as a sequence of amino acids in the synthesized protein molecule.
Conclusion
As one of the most prevalent forms of the modification of living organisms, genetic engineering can be defined as a method of biotechnology dealing with research of genotypes restructuring. The modification of crops is the most widespread type of genetic engineering that provides transfer of genetic information from one organism to another by transactions in vitro. Accordingly, the transfer of genes makes it possible to overcome the inter-specific barriers and transmit the specific hereditary characteristics from one organism to the other.
References
- Bonawitz, Nicholas D., and Clint Chapple. “Can genetic engineering of lignin deposition be accomplished without an unacceptable yield penalty?.” Current opinion in biotechnology 24.2 (2013): 336-343.
- Bruce, Donald, and Ann Bruce. Engineering genesis: ethics of genetic engineering in non-human species. Routledge, 2014.
- Hu, Honghong, and Lizhong Xiong. “Genetic engineering and breeding of drought-resistant crops.” Annual review of plant biology 65 (2014): 715-741.
- Glover, David M. Genetic engineering cloning DNA. Springer Science & Business Media, 2013.
- Setlow, Jane K., ed. Genetic engineering: principles and methods. Vol. 13. Springer Science & Business Media, 2012.